REEL 1- KASHMIR NO 1 - EARLY SPRING. Srinagar:- 1st Bridge, Hotel Road, Nedou's Hotel, Golf Course at back of hotel, houseboats Chenar Bagh (garden). English church vicarage and garden. Almond, cherry, pear and peach blossom. Magnolia, forsythia. Up and down the Jhelum River from 2nd Bridge to 7th Bridge. Mustard fields, wild and cultivated irises, poppy fields. Houseboats passing through the Dal Gate Lock en route to the Dal Lake resorts. Shikaras (canopied small boats) at the Dal Gate for the Lake via the canals. Kashmiri house on canal, Moghul Bridge, country shikaras, fish spearing, flower shikaras, bathing rafts at Nagin, various craft, cloud effects, rainbows.

REEL 2 - KASHMIR NO 2 - LATE SPRING. Srinagar and environs:- Shalimar canal and Shalimar Gardens, peonies and tamarisk, lots of local flowers. Moghul Bridge to Nishat Bagh, flower shikaras, grounds of Nagin Club. Houseboat being towed back to Srinagar, Moghul Bridge on the Dal Lake, Lotuses on Dal Lake, Taxi shikara on Nagin Lake. Houseboat in canal on the way back to Srinagar. Canals:- Vegetable and chili shikaras, Temple in Apple Tree canal, Boys bathing in the Mar Canal, Washing numdahs and shawls in the Mar Canal, the clean ones after washing. Casting fishing net in canal, fishing and spinning in canal with Hari Parbat Fort (built by Akbar) in the background. Irrigation in a canal. Casting nets in the Wular Lake, private shikara, canal shots, Lake Manusbal. Crops, chilis on roofs, roses. Autumn:- Rupa Lanka (island) and Dal Lake, Chenar Bagh, Nasim, Thid, Srinagar Club on the Jhelum River, houseboats near the club against Autumn tints. More Golf Course, Boy with Zinnias at Nasim, Burning Bush at Nishat, Sona Lanka (island), Nasim, Sunsets.

REEL 3 - KASHMIR NO 3 Environs, Srinagar. Sheep near Bren (near Nishat Gardens) Lambs round shepherds' necks. Wayil Bridge, men with embroidered caps. Sind Valley:- Party trekking, Ladakhi nomads, Views around Kangan ( Sind valley) trout fishing, Gujar Camp, meal mill. Rice planting (later than in the plains) red rock, Gujars. Naunug Valley:- Razarpryin Nullah and maidan, Kishtiari people, camels from Jammu. Liddar valley:- Amarnath pilgrims and ascetics near Aishmagan, and at Pahalgam. Old temples of Pandrethan, Avantipur and Martand (700 to 900 AD). Bijbehara, scenes en route to Dak Bungalow at Sallar for chikor shooting. Srinagar:- Prayers on the Idgarh after a month's fast for Ramadan.

REEL 4 - KASHMIR NO 4 Srinagar:- Tonga (small horse drawn vehicle) Hazrat Bal Mosque, Mela (fair or festival) in the grounds behind the mosque. Harvesting:- corn, rice, apples, millet and amaranth. Field school after harvest. Weddings:- preparing and cooking the feast, processions and dancers near Bren. Another wedding near Bijebihara a few miles from Srinagar, bride in palanquin. Gagribal (near Dal Gate). Pampur:- (a few miles beyond Srinagar). Village with mosque and environs. Contractors' house boats on the Jhelum River (saffron contractors). Saffron fields with pickers, flowers tiffin time, weighing the pickings, contractors' tent, sifting the leaves for drying, soaking squeezing and straining them, final drying. (Saffron an ancient crop from the 8th century). Boys offering bulbs in pots for sale. Duckshooting (weak pictures), Autumn leaves at Achibal, Poplars en route to Banihal, Snows on the Banihal Pass.

REEL 5 - KALIMPONG (West Bengal) (About 4000 ft above sea level - Reached by train from Calcutta to Siliguri from there by car. Part of territory annexed by the British in the 1860s. Most of it now the Dooars' tea-growing district). The Terminus of the Indo-Lhasa trade route, with thousands of mules and ponies carrying down wool from Tibet, and returning with manufactured goods of all sorts, oil and domestic odds and ends. The leading mule in a caravan wore a long thick 'tassel' of yak wool, dyed red, along with other decorations. "The muleteers were tallish tough looking types." Views. "The bazaar was very colourful, there were shops run by Chinese, Bengalis, and Marwaris, and the narrow streets were full of all races." There were a few Lepchas (the original inhabitants), and Nepalese people, (who crowded out the Lepchas). Tibetan nomads, Tibetan Lamas some on pilgrimage to Buddh Gaya in Bihar where Buddha first received enlightenment, and others on trading business for their monasteries. There were also troupes of dancers, including the Khampas (strong acrobatic men from a distant part of Tibet). Prayer flags adorned Buddhist houses and buildings and there were religious festivals of all kinds. "One could hire a car to go to Gangtok in Sikkim and to Darjeeling , 35 miles across the forest-mountain road." The Coronation Bridge (over the Teesta River, built 1930). Glimpse of the Teesta, Teesta Bridge with sign post to Kalimpong. Views on the ascent, including:- Poinsettias, Tibetan nomads, Tibetan nomads with prayer wheel, the Himalayas with Kanchenjunga in background. Entrance to main street Kalimpong, Views from the Himalayan Hotel, and from the seat at the gates of the hotel including: the Leper Colony, the convent. Tibetan camp below bazaar, kite flying. Hotel Annexe. Tibetan curio sellers in the grounds of the hotel and the annexe. Young Nepalese coolies using a roller for road repairs. Charcoal coolies. Bazaar. St Andrew's Homes for destitute and orphaned children. Sports Day at the Homes. Small apprentice dirzis (tailors) learning to sew and hemming handkerchiefs at the Arts and Crafts. Building scenes at the top of the Development Area. Market Day in the bazaar, including: piglets in bamboo baskets, vegetables, Tibetans, cinema poster advertising with band, Dirzi (tailor) at machine, making bed quilts. Tibetan pilgrim prostrating himself on journey to Benares to acquire merit in his next life. Arrival of mule trains with wool from Tibet. Unloading and sorting under supervision of lamas. Knitting. Nepalese homesteaders making sea boot stockings from Tibetan wool for dispatch to the U.K. Tibetan ponies out at grass. "Until China invaded Tibet and annexed it (1949), Kalimpong was the terminus of the Indo-Lhasa trade route."

REEL 6 - KALIMPONG NO 2 (West Bengal) Mule trains departing from and arriving at Kalimpong, the leading animals wear large red tassels made of dyed yak hair. (Got mixed up with them en route to Pedong). Ajgarah village, market day, a Red Hat Lama, Bhutanese nuns, (12 miles from Kalimpong). The stony route to Pedong (near the Bhutanese border), Bhutanese-type homesteads with prayer flags. Tank (pond) below Monastery. A reincarnate Lama from Bhutan is expected at the Sang-Chen Bhuddist Monastery and Karghu Lama Dances are to be given in honour of his arrival. He is the Guru Rimpoche Tze-chu. The Monastery with: people assembling for the dances, prayer wheels around the monastery building groups of expectant audience, woman with turquoise charm box round neck and baby, various shots of people. The music announces the start of the performance, the Tibetan trumpets, the 'stage', small clowns fill in time. The procession of Lama dancers.Traditional religious tales and songs. The finale is the Dance of Victory over Death. Back in Kalimpong:- Prayer flags at old Bhutan House hanging up. Prayers for rain: A Lama goes up to the top of Rinking-pong with a bundle of multi-coloured prayer flags on his back. Women helpers string the flags between trees. They light a fire, and scatter powder to the winds. The Lama intones prayers from a holy book. Kalimpong Monastery: a procession round the hills to invoke rain - the high Lamas and the ordinary ones take part, and the holy books are strapped to the women's backs and carried all the way. Small boys put out their tongues as a mark of respect! The whole entourage goes back to the Monastery through the bazaar. A procession of Lepchas also invokes rain - a small community. A Lepcha Lama and his wife. "Lepchas were the original inhabitants of the district, but now, vastly outnumbered by Nepalese settlers, they are a minority group."

REEL 7 - KALIMPONG NO 3 (West Bengal) Nearing harvest, various grasses and crops including millet and maize. Marigolds for the Hindu Festival of Diwali, decorating the bazaar shops, marigold garlands, Lakshmi the Goddess of wealth. Sadhus from the plains, Nepalese dancers in the bazaar, Nepalese dancers at the hotel annexe. At this time Bamboo swings are erected at the top of a hill, and dismantled when the Festival season is over. Children swinging. Some garden flowers and flowering shrubs: Siberian wallflowers, bignonias, bougainvilleas, pink poinsettias, Pigeon house in a garden, tree daisies, tree daisies with poinsettias, views with poinsettias, close-ups of poinsettias. (Kanchenjunga in the background).

REEL 8 - KALIMPONG NO 4 (West Bengal) Camp of Tibetan nomads on the outskirts of Kalimpong, child with puppies, the guard dog with its ruff of dyed red wool, puppies in basket. In the Bazaar: Tibetan beggar woman with charm pole, Lama with skin drum and prayer wheel, four beggars, Lama with skin drum outside hotel gate. "Towards the Autumn Tibetan dancers visit Kalimpong and display their skills; one gives some coins gladly for the show." The second of the two performing groups are the acrobatic Khampas. The Mela (Fair) for war funds: assembling the bamboo stands, erecting the flags, the Bhutanese tent (Tibetan style), small royal children from Sikkim, the kilted band from the St Andrew's Homes for children. Various stalls:- Tattooing (with samples) sweets and so on. General view: the boat swings, games, sports and races, Bhutanese archers, refreshments tents, (Nepalese and Bhutanese), cooking and cooking pots. Onlookers, Tibetan girl with a turquoise charm box necklace, Tibetan baby. After the donkey race, the dance finale, late evening.

REEL 9 - KALIMPONG NO 5 (Flowers and shrubs, cultivated and wild.) Coolies working in a garden. Montbresia, Lilies, Jungle ginger (ban adowa) Tiger Lily, Bhutan Lily, Spider Lily, Ground orchid, Day Lilies (Hemerocallis), Small begonia border, large begonias, cactus, double hibiscus, Mexican daisies, Brazilian rose, shrubs, Hibiscus, Clerodendron, Datura, Tulip tree, jacaranda, Candle tree, Cleone (general), white and yellow daisies (tree) and poinsettias, poinsettias, yellow daisies, Holmskioldia, jacaranda, cosmos (Kanchenjunga in background), Tung trees, Lagerstroemia, foxtail orchids, passion flower, Helio mountain daisies.

REEL 10 - KULU VALLEY AND LAHOUL (Punjab Hill States) "Reached by branch railway line from Amritsar to Pathankot. Then by road (car or lorry). The Valley is very narrow in parts, never wide anywhere and the River Beas runs through it. Good fishing after being stocked with trout. It was first visited and explored by British Army officers on short leave from their regiments in India, as a possible country for game. Very successfully. Later Palanpur (Kangra region) 10000 acres were planted with tea. This area was unfortunately destroyed by earthquake many years later. After which the upper part of the Kulu valley, from Raison to Manali, was planted with fruit orchards, mostly apples and pears. The fruit is now sold in Calcutta and all over India. There is much travelling up and down the valley, including Ladakhi traders, Buddhist pilgrims, and Gaddi shepherds in tucked-up cream homespun robes changing the pasture grounds of their flocks. As well as Lamas from the Lahoul monasteries, there are Tibetan type nomads. As the Kulu people themselves have very distinctive dress and customs this makes the valley a most interesting place. The architecture of the old temples is unique, and the many festivals for the Kulu gods are picturesque and colourful. There is no traffic in the winter months from Lahoul and beyond as all the passes are forzen over and impassable for man and beast alike. Kulu religion resembles Hinduism, while the Lahoulis are Buddhist." KULU 1 Amritsar: The Golden Temple (Sikhs), various views and Sikh visitors to the temple. Amritsar Railway station: branch line to Pathankot (gateway to the Kulu valley). Dak Bungalow (rest house) at Pathankot, loading up the luggage for the season, views on the road, Purdah Palki at Nupur, camels with loads of slate, Dharamsala shows (Deoli Dhar?), Palampur, at Baijanth Dak Bungalow, views from Baijnath, Jogindernagar, types and street en route to Mandi State. Mandi city: streets and temples and memorial stones, Lake Rewalsar, temple, Drang traffic gates, gorge near Aut, milestone (Kulu 19 Aut 1). Raison: Hotel signpost, Mayflower Hotel, views in and around Raison, crops, dhobi (washerman), types of people, homesteads, spinning, three Lamas from over the Rohtang Pass, sheep dog. Camp of nomad/traders: plaiting hair, spinning, sewing maize etc. into bundles for the return journey, a new dress. On the march.

REEL 11 - KULU NO 2 A village on the left bank of the valley, Shirrar: youth on a rock, girl, part of the village, some of the booths, ground pitches and tents at Mela (fair) time, a religious Spring Festival to which the local god is carried. Some unusual types of hill people: girl with elaborate silver headgear, men with flowers and or ornaments on their heads, woman, old man with cap and flowers, more booths, rather tipsy dancing arrival of gods preceded by band, the crowds on the maidan. Some garden flowers and shrubs around Raison: hollyhocks, hydrangeas, oleander, Australian bottlebrush, roses, grasses. Crops: millet, amaranth, spinning and winding wool for weaving, ponies with wool, a Camp of Bhuddist people from over the Rohtang Pass, three girls from the far North, types on the road, snows at Manali, sign 'Motor Road ends here'.

REEL 12 - KULU NO 3 Near Raison: paper-making in the open air, soaking the bark of the trees (or shrubs), pulping, mixing and stirring the pulp, spreading the mixture on the wooden frames, drying the frames in the sun, peeling off the finished paper, stacking the finished sheets. People in rice fields, harvesting crops. Naggar: views from the hill, bungalow of Professor Nicholas Roerich [Russian artist, philosopher and orientalist, died 13 December 1947], Pagoda temple, another type of temple building, memorial stones, another style of temple. Timber: stacks on the hilltop, sawing planks, carrying planks, floating logs down river on the Beas, inflated skins used by the log men (Sana men). Inflating a skin, freeing the jammed logs, the River Beas, close-ups of the Sana men. Maize crops: drying, young girl in the maize fields, little girl up a tree, Lama, two nomad girls from the other side of the Rohtang Pass.

REEL 13 - KULU VALLEY NO 4 Dasehra Festival (Hindu). Kulu (or Sultanpur). Residence of the chief, the Rai of Rupi, his caparaisoned horse with attendant. Erecting and decorating the pavilion for the local god Rajunath. The Mela (fair or festival) is a three day affair and the various gods from distant villages and hills are brought to do homage to Rajunath. Visitors' tents, trading booths and stalls, weaving and other crafts. The gods arrive by the score, carried by each particular company of villagers, and preceded by its local band. Some close-ups of the gods' many faces, all in metal with sort of decorated palanquin. Arrival of the Rai of Rupi (under umbrella) with his retinue, the valley people in gala dress, visitors from beyond the Rohtang Pass, types of headgear, boat swings, sale of hill ponies, with Tibetan-type saddles, competing teams of folk dancers, cream homespun kilts. Finale: Procession to the river bank (Beas River) for religious ceremony.

REEL 14 - KULU NO 5 MANALI to KYELANG in LAHOUL. Manali: Milestone to Rohtang Pass, (Manali/Rohtang Pass 14), campers and travellers, sheep laden with salt, views between Manali and Kothi (the first stage). Tibetan couple with prayer wheel and charm boxes, close-up of the images in glass case on the man's back, close-up of the woman's turquoise pendant and the charm boxes at the back of waist. Village with amaranth crop, cutting up sheep for drying and eating, the Dak Bungalow at Kothi (rest house or staging bungalow). Some unsuccessful views while climbing up the route to top of Rohtang Pass. Over the Pass (Spiti and Lahoul), Gaddi shepherds and sheep, bridge over the Bagha River, more sheep. Views around Khoksar and Sissu, unsuccessful telephoto views of snows. Approaching Gundhla: A mani (prayer) wall, Chorten (Buddhist reliquary), house of the chief the Thakor Sahib ( his brother was educated at the Tyndale Biscoe School in Srinagar, Kashmir). Getting ready for the hard winter. Gundhla: rock carvings, the brother of the Thakor Sahib on roof of his 'castle', harvesting, a sadhu, views of the mountain sides, bridge over the Chandra Bagha river, nomads in camp, Buddhist Lama, approach to Kyelang, willows, Kyelang, Kyelang village, girls harvesting (one with silver arm ornament), peaks and monasteries.

REEL 15 - KATHIAWAR PENINSULA (Western Indian States) "Reached by the Kathiawar Mail (train) from Bombay, the small states by narrow guage State Railways. It is composed of 17 large States (mostly Rajput) and innumerable small ones; Rulers range from petty chiefs to Maharajahs. Famous for the Jain Temples on the Holy Mountain of Shatrunjaya at Palitana, and the Jain temples on the Girnar Mountain at Junagadh. Also on the Girnar mountain slopes and the Gir forest the last few lions of India are to be found. There is much game too in the Gir forest." Palitana: Mount Shatrunjaya (2000 ft) attracts many pilgrims, the summit is covered with over 1800 Jain temples, dating from 1100 to the present day. "No one may live there, it is a place of the gods, after sunset there is not a pilgrim in the place. The whole area of temples is strikingly clean and the silence is almost complete, now and then in the mornings a bell rings for a few seconds and on holidays there may be a few chants from the larger temples." Flocks of pigeons flutter round the temples and peacocks may be seen on the outer walls. Junagadh: "Once Rajput is now Muslim." The Girnar mountain (3666ft high) is the great feature of Junagadh with its peaks, shrines and temples, sixteen of which are in an enclosure about two thirds of the way up, many are large and like the ones on Satrunjaya, are extensively carved and decorated. "Very historical and most interesting." Porbandar is an ancient port, Drangadhra is a small state and Dwarka is one of the Hindu places of pilgrimage. Mehsana Railway Junction for the peninsula. Palitana: Jain priestess, groups of women, cotton scenes, piles of cotton. State paddock and horses. View of sacred Shatrunjaya Hill from Guest House. Dholi (carrying sort of palanquin) on the hill, pilgrims ascending the hill, resting places, priestesses ascending, priestesses, temples, employees outside the walls. Junagadh: buildings in the street, Magbaraii and Mosque, arch, more buildings, bazaar, street scenes, city wall, bullock carts by wall, views outside the walls, girls carrying water jars on heads, garden with poinsettias and bougainvillea, a mali (gardener) and wife, Dhantia Ras (folk dances). Close-up of performers.

REEL 16 - KATHIAWAR PENINSULA NO 2 Junagadh: distant view of the Girnar mountain, the path up, the gateway, the sacred Jain temples, close-ups, views near the fifth height, a pilgrim going higher. Old Wadhwan: gateway, street, buildings, Dhobi ghats (washing places for clothes etc.) another gateway, street, inside the walls, temple. Wadhwan camp: winnowing, trading corn, cradle, bullock at well, at the city wall, up the trees. Dranghgadrha: Guest House, street scenes, bazaar, Burwar (shepherd) costume, road, bazaar scenes, pilgrim carrying holy water from Dwarka. Halvad (old capital): Palace exterior, inside the grounds, the tower, the balconies, women near well, the royal chattris (cenotaphs). Porbandar: Wharves, street scenes Burra Din (Fete day).

REEL 17 - CALCUTTA-MANIPUR "By paddle steamer up the Brahmaputra to Tezpur, then rail to Manipur Road, then lorry to Imphal" Calcutta: ancient banyan tree in Botanical Gardens, water lilies, arrival of Indian picnickers, in the shade, treetops, cacti, flowering tree (Amherstia), pagoda (Victoria Gardens) sunset. Paddle steamer at wharf, at the wharves, Hooghly shipping. Hooghly River: jute mills, paddle steamers, yellow sailed jute boats, river boats. The Sunderbans: sail boats, Khulna ghat, various types of river craft, smoke from our funnel (the Schwebo), Schwebo from the bridge, our pilot, low country craft, our flag head, low country, floats and various craft, with coloured sails, sunset, our funnel, sunset. Boats galore, jute at Sadhuganj, paddle steamer and more types of boats, sunset, ghat, bamboo work to deflect current. Pandu: (ashore) the path up sacred Kamakhya hill, summit of temples, arches, domes, gateways, walls, man on road with giant baskets. Gauhati: (ashore) steamer side, unloading, various views of the shores and riverside, Peacock Island, view with foliage, gateway of old castle, piles of oranges, canoe full of oranges, ferry steamer berthing from other side of river, passengers go off in gharries (conveyances). Brahmaputra: between Gauhati and Tezpur. R.M and my dog on steamer, Sengtuk (dog) alone. River pilot, Steamer Captain. Tezpur: (ashore) Tezpur Railway station, loading animals on the paddle steamer, various shots of fishing nets and spinning on a roof, creek scene, tapping a toddy palm, avenue of ruins, ruins on Bamani Pahar (hill), more ruins on hill, leaving Tezpur by ship. Silghat: (across the river) Our luggage being loaded onto the bullock cart, the road (we walked). Chaparmukh Junction: (slept in waiting room). Train to Manipur Road. Dimapur: various shots of ancient ruins, wild ageratum.

REEL 18 - CALCUTTA - BRAHMAPUTRA - MANIPUR NO 2 From Manipur to Dimapur by hired motor lorry. Frontier of Inner Circle Naga Hills. The Naga Hills, village types (hill background) signpost at Kohima, Kohima Dak Bungalow, village types, P. and T. sign (Police Station Kohima Assam), bazaar, more groups, three little pigs, view of Kohima, locals at Dak Bungalow, jungle fowl, the handyman at the Dak Bungalow dressed up in his best. Panorama, from Naga village, gateway of head hunters, our lorry loading up at Kohima for Imphal, types met on the road. Naga village, locals, Naga village at Mao, Mao gate, panorama from Mao Dak Bungalow Kirong, gate near Imphal views on the outskirts of Imphal, field school, the school, Imphal Dak bungalow, Residency, Residency grounds. Imphal: Old palace, part of same, Club, old house of the Yuvaraj (prince). Temple, historic trees of the Mutiny, avenue of grevilleas, grounds of Residency, road, new palace, crowds of tax payers going to the State Offices. Naga villagers, women weaving, Naga bazaar, Naga people, ditches and nullahs and creeks near bazaar, women's bazaar, various shots of bazaar, people going to bazaar across polo ground, polo, war, British Army trucks at Mao, Gurkha camp at Dimapur. "Manipuris are said to be derived from four tribes, Moirang, Luang, Kumal and Meithei. Now all Meithei by name. The dress of a Manipuri woman consists of a skirt (phanek) worn straight across the breasts under the armpits, the jacket (phurit) and a chadar (shawl), the two latter are often dispensed with. Hockey is the national game of the Manipuris."

REEL 19 - KALIMPONG TO YUMTHANG (SIKKIM) including GANGTOK NO 1 Signpost to Gangtok in Teesta Valley (Gangtok 38 1/2 M/Rangpo 14 M) the car, the road, the Teesta, road scenes, the Frontier, the bridge, with prayer flags. Our permits examined on the Sikkim side, harvesting scenes on the way to Gangtok, crops and oranges, bullock team on threshold of Gangtok, approach to Bazaar, various shots from Gangtok bazaar. Several shots from Gangtok heights, tree dahlias against Kanchenjunga, several shots of cherry blossom and Kanchenjunga, more tree dahlias, some Sikkimese houses, the Palace Gate, the Private Secretary to H.H. the Maharajah, Princess Padma (Cuckoo) H.H. the Maharajah, the Monastery, His Highness' reception tents, servants with tungbas, more tents, one of the bodyguards outside one of the tents, clowns, band, bodyguard. Procession, throwing rice powder, groups in the grounds and under umbrellas. Sikkimese woman of good class, Lepcha with bowls, Lama against prayer wheel, woman with prayer wheel. Kanchenjunga war dances: with Lama orchestra, war god, more dances, pavilion, rainbow over the hills, people going home after the dances, clouds. Kanchenjunga next morning at six am.

REEL 20 - KALIMPONG TO YUMTHANG via GANGTOK ( SIKKIM) NO 2 Gangtok: Dak Bungalow, our mules and others, view from Dak Bungalow first small landslip, forest, more forest, river in a valley, end of motor road in Penlong village, we go by ponies. Big landslip, reloading luggage, forest, village with prayer flags half way to Dikchu, bridge washed away, another landslip. Dak Bungalow, the Teesta, panorama, village of Mangan. Singhik: Lepcha, Kanchenjunga from Singhik early morning, our mules in front of Dak Bungalow, orchids at the Dak Bungalow, wild begonias, forest path and a traveller, foliage, the Teesta, forest, foliage, waterfall. Chungthang: bridge river and paths, child on a stone wall, field of barley, woman and children, barley. En route to Lachung: various mountain panoramas, Mani (prayer) wall just before Lachung, two girls, view old Dak Bungalow, girl, prayer flags and people by the covered bridge, the river, types, primitive charm of threads against evil, types, Mani sheds, huts and crops, snowy peaks at evening.

REEL 21- KALIMPONG TO YUMTHANG VIA GANGTOK (SIKKIM) NO 3 Lachung to Yumthang: signpost to Yumthang 9, flowers, the route, snake Bhuta, views, rhododendrons, copper coloured rocks, yellow shrub, clematis, mountain stream, river in a deep valley, flowers, path, some more rhododendrons, boulders in a dried-up stream, the forest path, flowers, T.M, blue poppy, boy, primulas. Yumthang: (13000ft) maidan, snows from mountain, Dak Bungalow and some huts, (herdsmen), snows, yaks, river, more yaks, more herdsmen's huts and more yaks, baby yaks, snows at 6am, and a little later, snows from mountain, blue poppy.

REEL 22 - CENTRAL INDIA and RAJPUTANA NO 1 Delhi: Mosque, sheep with pink paint on backs, Id prayers, pot shrine, (women put pot when prayer has been granted), Purana Qila, temples, Kutb Minar, wedding party, Delhi Gate, Red Fort, Kashmir Gate, banks of the Jumna, bathing ghat, villagers returning from big Mela (fair). By road from Delhi to vicinity of Dewas, central India: bullock carts, people on the road, field of mustard, village, piles of cotton. Wedding procession of Purdah, Raths (carts) and other vehicles. Dholpur: The old palace on the lake, Khanpur Mahal (palace), Bari woman. Gwalior: Distant view of fort, same from hotel windows, views of Man Singh's Palace, wall decoration Man Singh's Palace, Muhurram (Moslem festival) preparations, the tazzies, city views, Tomb of Mohammed Ghaus (a venerated saint in the time of Akbar and Babur), close-up of it.

REEL 23 - CENTRAL INDIA/ RAJPUTANA NO 2 Shivpuri: the lake from the club. Surwaya: ruins. Rajgarh: bullock carts, Rajgarh Castle, rose garden in the guest house, wood carriers on the road, cranes (birds). Narsingarh:views on the bridge of the water, castle, colourful people in bullock carts. Bhopal: the Palace, the Palace Mosque, views of the lake, a prince's swimming bath, flowers and flowering trees, a girl, more flowering shrubs and trees. Raison Castle en route to Sanchi: Sanchi stupa (in black and white). Sihor: (near) weaving in the road, travellers on the road between Sihor and Dewas, cotton fields, carts bound for Indore. Mandhata/Onkarji: temples by river side (Narbada River), ferry, more temples, steps, over the river, ruins of figures and elephants temple, ferry from above, purdah carts, (raths some close-up of them). Simrole (near): cotton fields, cotton carts en route to Dhar, street in Dhar. Mandu: Colourful groups of worshippers, ruins, House of the Nurse, close-up of women, ancient buildings and scenes, Anand college carts going past. Dhar: on the day of the 'Spring Festival' crowds of holiday makers in carts going to the country, filled with cranes (birds). Street scenes, woman and children, more carts and people. Baranagar: wedding scenes.

REEL 24 - CENTRAL INDIA/ RAJPUTANA NO 3 En route from Baranagar to Ujain: delay at a river crossing, groups by the bank. Ujain: bathing by the temples, sugar cane on the main road. Agar: women and children, donkeys on main road. Jhalrapatan: street scenes, temple, women, street scenes, palace outside the town, quaint little vehicle on main road, camel carts, near Kotah. Kotah: Chattris (memorials or cenotaphs), crowds near Kotah Palace, on walls, moated palace, the ruler's Palace, by the river Chambal, a native regiment, loads of hay, nearing Bundi. Bundi: Market scenes outside city walls, views of the city and of the Palace from nearby hills, the main street (dyeing and drying in progress). Palace employee, palace priest, two women, Rajput in doorway, horse statue, house decorations, Chattri near house of Diwan, a city gate, the other side of it, scenes at the lake, Chattris, temples, the palace where Kipling stayed (some scenes in black and white). Hindoli ( approach to): Views from the guest house, a woman on the terrace of the guest house. Tonk: Purdah Raths and carts, women, women going through the streets to a wedding, more Purdah vehicles. Mandor: pictures of the gods in buildings in the grounds, Chattris or temples, flowers, another part of Mandor, Bari dari, temples.

REEL 25 - CENTRAL INDIA/ RAJPUTANA NO 4 Jaipur: street, Hall of the Winds, pigeons in square, side street, cloth market, pilgrim with holy water, building on a street corner, people on pavements, dyeing and drying red and yellow cloth (cotton), road scenes, woman squatting, people, vegetable market, women en route to a wedding, group squatting, peacock on wall, woman. Amber (ancient capital of Jaipur): monkey on a building en route to Amber, Amber gateway, distant views, tongas near Amber, view near old palace, from palace gardens. En route from Amber to Alwar: men and women on camels, palace on outskirts of Alwar, street in Alwar. Alwar: view of old fort, fort on hill, close-up of battlements, new palace in the town, beating a carpet in the grounds, new palace with fort in the background, new palace, view from palace of hill, guard, new palace, view of rooftops from a tower, Alwar women on main road.

REEL 26 - JAISALMER (Founded by one of the Bhati Rajputs, Jaisal, in 1156. Famous for its handsome elaborately carved yellowish stone buildings, Jain Temples and the Fort. Once on the old caravan route through the Western desert, it became isolated when railways were built. It is about 100 miles from Barmer on a main line, and about half that from Pokeran, the terminus of the small branch line from Jodhpur. That caused the Marwari (?) traders to leave Jaisalmer for Central India and other parts of India, but they always return for the weddings of their daughters. Their women folk were left behind in the imposing mansions. Whenever a marriage is arranged and celebrated, all absent and distant members of the family return there for the occasion. The women wear their best attire for travelling, and they are covered with unique gold jewellery. There is a guest house for visitors (rare) and for the periodical calls of officials. The Ruler (the Maharawal) takes a walk outside the walls every morning, accompanied by his retinue at a discreet distance, all dressed very simply. The Diwan (Prime Minister) is an Indian. Rajputana: Jodhpur: flowers in Hotel garden, Ship Palace, the Fort, birds (crows), decorated buildings, castle on a summit (the above scratched in the processing of the film). Jodhpur to Pokeran by branch railway: travellers at Pokeran railway station, they leave in assorted conveyances. Pokeran across the western Desert by car along a desert track. Jaisalmer: (once on the old caravan route now isolated). The fort, distant views and close-ups of women going to fill water jars, scenes round the lake, carved mansion (limestone which hardens with age). Donkey and boy bound for the fort, carving above a gateway, panorama from roofs, window, towers, street scenes, buildings, windows. Mulsagar Gardens, ancient step well (Baori) buildings (in black and white). Outside city walls, palace outside walls, carvings, royal chattris (cenotaphs) the Fort, housetops, buildings and figures, close-ups of windows, Jain priest, men, old man. Returning from Jodhpur towards Jaipur and Alwar: party of nomads on the road, bullocks at well, nomads in the desert, close-ups, women with a quaint cradle, fields of corn, one of Akbar's milestones, Purdah Rath (cart), brightly dressed women, camel carts, woman in a trolley.

REEL 27 - FROM A BUNGALOW ON SAMSING TEA ESTATE (DOOARS) to DARJEELING AND SANDAKPHU Monsoon season: the Bungalow, the garden with flowers, shrubs and hedges: ixora, caesel pinia, bignonia (with chameleon), jungle ginger. The Teesta, signpost to Darjeeling M 22, Teesta village with bazaar (market) and types of people (Nepalese). Gradient sign post, our car, Nepali girl, road repairs. Panorama between Pashok and Lopchu, girl tea pickers. Panorama between Lopchu and Ghoom, white and pink magnolias near Ghoom, more views, Tibetan nomads in camp by roadside, detour to Jalaphar, panorama, clerodendron, foxtail orchids, Darjeeling train (from Siliguri). Darjeeling (7000ft): various views, the market (bazaar) with Lama, sadhu, planters club, rickshaw coolies playing dice game, more views of Darjeeling market. Jorepokri (7400ft): views from Dak Bungalow, our coolies leaving on first stage of trek, descent to Manibanjung, coolies with baskets. SAM SING, DARJEELING, SANDAKPHU NO 2 Chorten (for holy relics), children, Bastis (huts), Mani wall (prayer wall), Bastis at Kalapokri, flowering shrub and Rhodendrons en route. Tonglu (10073ft): views and clouds at Tonglu, rhodendrons. Sandakphu (11929ft): views from the Dak Bungalow of the Himalayas, with the tip of Everest visible.

REEL 28 - EXTRA REEL OF KASHMIR (MISCELLANEOUS) Srinagar: garden flowers, pansies, hyacinths, Crown Imperial lilies, clematis (pink and white and purple), flowering shrub, white single roses, small helio, flowers, pansies, irises, eremurus etc. Dal Lake with wallflowers on canal bank, wayside fruit sellers, wisteria, crocus (from which saffron is extracted). Lake scenes: vegetable shikaras, house on a canal, dhobis, sheep in a shikara, scenes on the banks of the Jhelum river between third and seventh bridges, types of Kashmiri women. Boy with cotton wool ducks for sale, canals choked with weeds in the early Autumn, more Kashmiri types (Nasim). Achibal: Autumn tints. Srinagar outskirts: mules with loads of fodder, a Sikh camp outside Srinagar with mules. Bren: Sheep on the road, physical training. in school grounds. Behind Bren village, rice harvest between Bren and Harwan, gathering up the fallen leaves at Harwan. Sind Valley: Gujar women. Lake Nagin: rainbow. Finally a few shots (in black and white) of Tangmarg ponies and Gulmarg, the summer resort for Srinagar residents, and visitors.

REEL 29 - FOR CHILDREN [Presumably either shot, or compiled onto, one reel for future projection to young audiences] (Assorted subjects, including puppies, dogs, camels, monkeys, goats, Nepalese children flowers etc.) Kulu: a school at Katrain. Kalimpong: child, Tibetan woman cooking, mending shoes, Nepalese girl combing hair, toymaking in the bazaar, small Tibetan dog being given a bath, dogs eating bones, goats, Tibetan guard dog. Amber:- monkeys in a tree. Kalimpong: pigeon house in a garden. Jaipur: elephant. Kulu: monkey and a bear, camels resting, a herd of mountain goats, Ladakhi woman with puppy, puppies playing, donkey with anti-fly nose covering. Kalimpong: Nepalese boys in the bazaar with a trolley full of soft drinks, other boys drinking them, bazaar scenes, nomad woman weaving by the roadside, Nepalese dancers at Diwali (festival), basket making on the further outskirts, swings at the fair, Nepalese road workers, A Tibetan terrier trying to get at a guinea pig in a cage, Tibetan woman washing a small dog, Nepalese boys washing small dogs, goats skipping about, two Tibetan terriers wrestling, some flowers with butterflies. Sikkim: girl at Lachung with a basket of strawberries.

REEL 30 - SIMLA The mall, street scenes (Dane's Folly), Simla, views (red post box), the retreat, Dukani ( house and gardens and residence of the late Sir Edward Buck, dies 27 April 1948). Views of Simla, people carrying loads, street scenes. Wildflower Hall with garden, shots of house and garden, lady with red parasol, shots of house and garden flowers, a curio seller a Tibetan woman, more garden shots and views. (Sign Simla 6M: Narkanda 33M, Mashobra 1 M), sign Mashobra 1M). The Fair at Sipi in the forest below Mashobra, locals walking to the fair, swings and stalls selling bangles and food. Three men with snakes around their necks, man with a bear, swings again, fruit sellers. More people arriving, music being played, tent with flowers on it for a ceremony. (Sign Tibet 190, Narkanda 33, Kufri 2).

Amateur film shot by Lady Eleanor ("Sarah") James, Chief Commander of the Women's Auxiliary Corps (India), records local social, economic and religious customs, and the flora, fauna and landscape of Northern India (without reference to the British military presence) immediately after the Second World War.

Notes

Summary: based on summaries of contents by Lady James; typed summaries may have been prompts for Lady James when screening films for others. Lady James (ne Eleanor M Thackrah, 1891, no children), known as Sarah, was the wife of Sir Frederick Ernest James, representative in New Delhi of Tata Industrial Group and Member of the Indian Central Legislature, 1932-1945, who returned to UK in 1947.

Date: Kodak date marks on Reels 1-21: 1939-1941, Reel 22: 1945, Reels 23-29: 1940-1941, Reel 30: 1943.